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latvian language
Latvian (''latviešu valoda'') is the official state language of Latvia. It was previously known in English as Lettish which remains the standard today in various forms in most other Germanic languages. There are about 1.3 million native Latvian speakers in Latvia and 100,000 abroad. Altogether, 2 million, or 80% of the population of Latvia, speak Latvian.〔(Dažādu tautu valodu prasme )〕 Of those, 1.16 million or 56% use it as their primary language at home.〔(RESIDENT POPULATION ON MARCH 1, 2011 BY LANGUAGE MOSTLY SPOKEN AT HOME, GENDER AND AGE GROUP )〕 The use of the Latvian language in various areas of social life in Latvia is increasing.〔(Krievvalodīgie arvien vairāk runā latviski )〕
Latvian is a Baltic language and is most closely related to Lithuanian. In addition there is some disagreement whether Latgalian and New Curonian, which are mutually intelligible with Latvian, should be considered varieties or separate languages.
Latvian first appeared in Western print in the mid-16th century with the reproduction of the Lord's Prayer in Latvian in Sebastian Münster's ''Cosmographia Universalis'' (1544), in Latin script.
== Classification ==
Latvian belongs to the Baltic branch of the Indo-European language family. It is one of two living Baltic languages with an official status (the other being Lithuanian). The Latvian and Lithuanian languages have retained many features of the nominal morphology of the proto-language, though in matters of phonology and verbal morphology they show many innovations, with Latvian being considerably more innovative than Lithuanian.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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